ASTM E241-2009 建筑物抗水损坏极限的标准指南

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【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforLimitingWater-InducedDamagetoBuildings
【原文标准名称】:建筑物抗水损坏极限的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTME241-2009
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2009
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E06.41
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:buildings;moistureinduced;waterinduceddamage;Buildingmaterials/applications;Damageassessment;Deterioration;Durability;Water-induceddamage;Waterpenetration
【摘要】:Moisturedegradationisfrequentlyasignificantfactorthateitherlimitstheusefullifeofabuildingornecessitatescostlyrepairs.Examplesofmoisturedegradationinclude:(1)decayofwood-basedmaterials,(2)spallingofmasonrycausedbyfreeze-thawcycles,(3)damagetogypsumplastersbydissolution,(4)corrosionofmetals,(5)damageduetoexpansionofmaterialsorcomponents(byswellingduetomoisturepickup,orbyexpansionduetocorrosion,hydration,ordelayedettringiteformation),(6)spallinganddegradationcausedbysaltmigration,(7)failureoffinishes,and(8)creepdeformationandreductioninstrengthorstiffness.Moistureaccumulationwithinconstructioncomponentsorconstructionsmayadverselyaffectserviceabilityofabuilding,withoutnecessarilycausingimmediateandseriousdegradationoftheconstructioncomponents.Examplesofsuchserviceabilityissuesare:(1)indoorairquality,(2)electricalsafety,(3)degradationofthermalperformanceofinsulations,and(4)declineinphysicalappearance.Moldormildewgrowthcaninfluenceindoorairqualityandphysicalappearance.Withsomecomponents,inparticularinteriorsurfacefinishes,moldormildewgrowthmaylimitservicelifeofthecomponent.Moistureconditionsthataffectserviceabilityissuescanfrequentlybeexpected,unlesscorrected,toeventuallyresultindegradationofthebuildingoritscomponents.Thisguidedoesnotattempthowevertoaddressserviceabilityissuesthatcouldbecorrectedbycleaningandchangeinbuildingoperation,andthatwouldnotrequirerepairorreplacementofcomponentstoreturnthebuilding(orportionsorcomponentsofthebuilding)toserviceability.Preventionofwater-induceddamagemustbeconsideredthroughouttheconstructionprocessincludingthevariousstagesofthedesignprocess,construction,andbuildingcommissioning.Itmustalsobeconsideredinbuildingoperationandmaintenance,andwhenthebuildingisrenovated,rehabilitatedorundergoesachangeinuse.Thisguideisintendedtoalertdesignersandbuilders,andalsobuildingownersandmanagers,topotentialdamagesthatmaybeinducedbywater,regardlessofitssource.Thisguidediscussesmoisturesourcesandmoisturemigration.Limitstates(orspecificmoistureconditionsthatarelikelytoimpactconstructionorcomponentdurability)anddesignmethodsarealsocursorilydiscussed.Examplesofpracticesthatenhancedurabilityarelistedanddiscussed,asareexamplesofconstructionsorcircumstancestoavoid.Theexampleslistedarenotall-inclusive.Lastly,fieldchecklistsaregiven.Thechecklistsarenotintendedforuseasis,butasguidesfordevelopmentofchecklistswhichmayvarywithspecificbuildingdesignsandclimates.1.1Thisguideconcernsbuildingdesign,construction,commissioning,operation,andmaintenance.1.2Thisguideaddressestheneedforsystematicevaluationoffactorsthatcanresultinmoisture-induceddamagetoabuildingoritscomponents.Althoughofgreatpotentialimportance,serviceabilityissueswhichareoften,butnotnecessarily,relatedtophysicaldamageofthebuildingoritscomponents(forexample,indoorairqualityorelectricalsafety)arenotdirectlyaddressedinthisguide.1.3Theemphasisofthisguideisonlow-risebuildings.Portionsofthisguide;inparticularSections5,6,and7;mayalsobeapplicabletohigh-risebuildings.1.4Thisguideisnotintendedfordirectuseincodesandspecifications.Itdoesnotattempttoprescribeacceptablelimitsofdamage.Buildingsintendedfordifferentusesmayhavedifferentservicelifeexpectancies,andexpectedservicelivesofdifferentcomponentswithinagivenbuildingoftendiffer.Furthermore,somebuildingownersmaybesatisfiedwithsubstantiallyshorterservicelifeexpectancies......
【中国标准分类号】:P31
【国际标准分类号】:91_120_30
【页数】:14P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:Safetyrequirementsforindustriallaundrymachinery-Part1:Commonrequirements(ISO10472-1:1997);EnglishversionofDINENISO10472-1:2009-10
【原文标准名称】:工业洗涤机械的安全要求.第1部分:通用要求(ISO10472-1:1997),DINENISO10472-1:2009-10的英文版本
【标准号】:ENISO10472-1-2008
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2009-10
【实施或试行日期】:2009-10-01
【发布单位】:欧洲标准学会(EN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:Accidentprevention;Anatomicalconfigurations;Attention;Batching;Biologicalhazards;Cleaning;Contact;Control;Controlsystems;Definitions;Design;Discharge;Drawing-in;Drop;Dust;Energy;Equilibrium;Equipmentsafety;Ergonomics;Establishment;Explosionhazard;Explosions;Failure;Feed;Fencing;Fire;Firehazards;Firerisks;Flames;Fog;Fracture;Gases;Hazards;Hearingimpairment;Heatinginstallations;Impact;Industrial;Industrialeconomics;Inhalation;Instructionsforuse;Interferences;Launderingprocesses;Laundries;Laundrydevices;Laundryequipment;Laundrymachinery;Laundrymachines;Liquids;Maintenance;Malfunction;Marking;Materials;Mechanicalcrimping;Mechanicalengineering;Noise(environmental);Operatinginstructions;Plant;Pressure;Protectionagainstdanger;Protectiondevices;Safetymeasures;Safetyofmachinery;Safetyrequirements;Shearing;Slip;Smoke;Specification(approval);Stumble;Substances;Use;Userinformation;Warningnotices;Washingmachines
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:Y62
【国际标准分类号】:97_060
【页数】:32P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:Plastics-Testspecimens
【原文标准名称】:塑料.试样
【标准号】:BSISO20753-2008
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:2008-04-30
【实施或试行日期】:2004-03-30
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(GB-BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:分类;压塑成型;定义;定义(术语);压铸;尺寸规格;喷射铸造法;模制;模制材料;塑料;试样制备;抗拉试验工件;抗拉试验;抗拉测试;试样
【英文主题词】:Classification;Compressionmouldings;Definition;Definitions;Diecasting;Dimensions;Injectionmoulding;Moulding(process);Mouldings(shapedsection);Plastics;Specimenpreparation;Tensiletestpieces;Tensiletesting;Tensiletests;Testspecimens
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:G31
【国际标准分类号】:83_080_01
【页数】:24P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语